Which is an example of a criterion-referenced standard related to normative data?

• A. Comparing to peer averages.
• B. Achieving a predefined baseline VO2 max or athletic readiness score.
• C. A coach's subjective rating.
• D. A random performance.

Answer: (B)

This item tests understanding of a fixed, objective target used to judge performance rather than how you compare to others. An example is achieving a predefined baseline like VO2 max or an athletic readiness score. Hitting that specific benchmark creates a pass/fail standard that remains the same regardless of how others perform, which is the essence of a criterion-referenced approach. In contrast, comparing to peer averages relies on normative data and judges you relative to a group, not against an absolute target. A coach’s subjective rating isn’t a fixed criterion, and a random performance doesn’t establish a meaningful standard. So, reaching a predefined baseline VO2 max or readiness score best exemplifies a criterion-referenced standard.